Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes lead to common complications
such as nephrology and urology disorders. Unhealthy food habits and
drugs are known to cause nephrological and urological diseases.
According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and
Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), approximately 26 million people have chronic
kidney diseases in the U.S. The statistics show that about 87,000
patients die due to kidney failure every year. Commonly used drug
classes for treating nephrological and urological disorders include
diuretics, anti-hypertensive drugs, phosphate binders, and
anti-cholinergic and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Phosphate binders
are drugs which are used to lower the absorption of phosphate in
patients suffering from chronic renal failure due to their inability
to remove phosphorus naturally.
Excess deposition of phosphorus in the body, especially in a kidney
failure patient, results in the depletion of calcium from bones and
ultimately leads to diseases such as hyperphosphatemia and renal
osteodystrophy or renal bone. Phosphate binders work by binding
phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract, ultimately making it
unavailable to the body for absorption. In June 2014, Keryx
Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. received patent for Zerenex, a ferric
citrate based phosphate binder, which will expire in 2024. The
company has filed new drug application (NDA) for Zerenex and is
currently under review by the U.S. FDA. Sanofi lost patent for
Renvela (sevelamer) in 2014; the drug generated a total revenue of
US$ 750 Mn in 2013. Other key drugs in the market include Alucap
(aluminum hydroxide) by Meda Pharma, Calcichew (calcium carbonate),
Renagel (sevelamer) by Genzyme Corporation, and Fosrenol (lanthanum
carbonate) by Shire US, Inc.
The rising prevalence of chronic kidney diseases is a major factor
driving the growth of the global phosphate binding agents market. For
instance, over 20 million people in America are affected by chronic
kidney diseases; the incidence rate of these diseases is rapidly
growing among people above the age of 65 years. The FDA has approved
the use of these phosphate binding agents in hyperphosphatemia
secondary to chronic kidney diseases. In addition, rising awareness
about the complications caused due to chronic kidney diseases and the
treatment options is fueling the growth of the global market.
However, phosphate binding agents have certain gastrointestinal
reactions such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain,
leading to their discontinuation. This factor is restraining the
growth of the market for phosphate binding agents.
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The global phosphate binding agents market has been segmented based
on type, application, distribution channel, and region. In terms of
type, the market is segmented as calcium-based phosphorus binders;
aluminum-free, calcium-free phosphorus binders; aluminum-based
phosphorus binders; and magnesium-based phosphorus binders. The
calcium-based phosphorus binders segment primarily includes calcium
carbonate and calcium acetate. These calcium-based phosphorous
binders have largely replaced aluminum-based phosphorous binders, and
these binders also serve as calcium supplements. In terms of
application, the market is segmented as hyperphosphatemia,
hyperphosphatemia of renal failure, osteodystrophy, and anemia. In
terms of distribution channel, the market is segmented into hospital
pharmacies, retail pharmacies, online retailers, and private
clinics.
Geographically, the global phosphate binding agents market is
distributed over North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America,
and Middle East & Africa. North America accounts for the largest
market share owing to high research and development, favorable
reimbursement policies, and availability of advanced health care
infrastructure. The implementation of the Affordable Care Act has
significantly posed limitations to hospitals as well as
pharmaceutical companies with respect to costing of new drugs. Europe
is the second largest market for phosphate binding agents due to
presence of high quality scientific companies and research
organizations. However, lack of proper reimbursement policies and
regulatory framework pertaining to new drug development could
restraint the growth of the Europe market during the forecast
period.
Key players operating in the global market include Shire US, Inc.,
Meda Pharma, and Genzyme Corporation.
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