Rotavirus, as the name suggests, is a kind of virus that readily
infects children and infants. The virus can cause severe watery
diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Rotavirus-infected
children usually suffer from dehydration and in severe cases, they
need to be hospitalized. Rotavirus vaccine is a highly successful
method to protect children from rotavirus infection. Before the
introduction of rotavirus vaccines in the market, rotavirus disease
was a serious health issue among children in major developed and
developing countries. For instance, in the U.S., almost all children
have at least one rotavirus infection within the span of five years
from birth; around 400,000 children are taken to doctors for
treatment; and around 50–60 deaths occur every year. However, after
the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, the number of emergency
visits and hospitalizations due to rotavirus infection has dropped
significantly. Four out of five children that are vaccinated get
protection from severe rotavirus infection.
The global rotavirus vaccines market can be segmented based on
product and distribution channel. Among products, two vaccines are
licensed for use in the U.S. viz. RotaTeq (RV5) and Rotarix (RV1).
RotaTeq is administered in three doses and Rotarix is administered in
two doses at the interval of every two months. The first dose in
administered after two months of birth. Currently, two key players
operate in the rotavirus vaccines market, which are WHO-prequalified:
Merck and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Two rotavirus vaccines currently
being developed are expected to gain pre-qualification from the WHO
between 2017 and 2018. One of these is Rotavac, which is being
manufactured by Bharat Biotech. It was licensed for use in India in
2014. Based on distribution channel, the global rotavirus vaccines
market can be classified into hospitals, pharmacies, and clinics /
health care centers associated with government programs. The inflow
of patients to hospitals is expected to increase during the forecast
period, as hospitals are considered to be more reliable and they have
a large number of suppliers, reimbursement authority, and government
support.
Increasing incidence of rotavirus infection among children is a major
factor that drives the market, as it leads to the rise in demand for
rotavirus vaccines. Rotavirus disease is highly contagious and it
spreads easily among children due to their poor hygiene habits. The
spread of rotavirus infection is a common issue in hospitals and
daycare settings. Along with this, support from organizations such as
UNICEF and GAVI (is a vaccine alliance of multiple countries under
which 45 countries are approved for Rotavirus vaccine support) for
large scale vaccination, supply availability, and access to
affordable prices is another factor fueling the rotavirus vaccines
market.
There are a few restrictions in delivering the rotavirus
vaccines. For instance, a baby or infant who had a history of
allergic reaction upon the administration of rotavirus vaccine should
not be administered another dose. Also, diarrhea or vomiting caused
by any other microorganism should not be treated with rotavirus
vaccines. A virus named porcine circovirus is found in both rotavirus
vaccines. Even though porcine circovirus does not have any harmful
effect and there is no known safety risk, it is not preferred for
critical patients. Moreover, delayed timelines for new manufacturers,
delays in planned introductions, rising demand that exceeds the
current supply, and uncertain demand from non-GAVI MICs are other
factors that restrict the market for rotavirus vaccines.
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Based on geography, the global rotavirus vaccines market has been
divided into five regions: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin
America, and Middle East & Africa. North America dominates the
global rotavirus vaccines market, with the U.S. accounting for a
major market share.
Manufacturers in the Americas are developing
innovative products to cure severe rotavirus infections among
children. The safety and efficacy of these new products are being
ensured by pre-market approval through clinical trials. Europe is
considered the second-largest market for rotavirus vaccines. On the
other hand, the market in Asia Pacific is expected to expand rapidly
and at the maximum growth rate during the forecast period. This is
attributable to rising government initiatives and favorable
government laws in the region. Also, major manufacturers with their
rotavirus vaccines currently undergoing development are located in
Asia Pacific.
For instance, Bharat Biotech International Limited, a
manufacturer of Rotavac, is located in India and Lanzhou Institute of
Biological Products that manufactures Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine
is located in China. Emerging countries with rapidly developing
economies offer significant growth opportunities to the rotavirus
vaccines market, as they witness the rising prevalence of rotavirus
infection.
Key players in the global rotavirus vaccines market are
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Merck, and Bharat Biotech International
Limited. Other prominent bodies that are working on the development
of rotavirus vaccines are Center for Research and Production of
Vaccines, Vietnam and Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products,
China.
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