Microcephaly is a
birth defect or a neurological condition where an infant’s head is
smaller as compared to other babies of same age, sex, and ethnicity.
This happens due to underdeveloped brain during pregnancy or
restricted brain growth after birth. During pregnancy, a child’s
brain develops and grows and as a result the head grows and increases
in size; but in microcephaly, the size of the brain is smaller
resulting in smaller head. Microcephaly can occur alone with no other
defects associated with child birth or it can be in consortium with
other major defects associated with child birth. Microcephaly can be
congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develop postnatally). The
severity of the condition ranges from mild to severe.
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People with this
disorder have poor motor function, intellectual debility, abnormal
facial features, poor speech, dwarfism, and seizures. The exact cause
for microcephaly remains unknown, but the potential and common causes
can be genetic or environmental factors. During pregnancy,
microcephaly can also be caused by certain infections such as HIV or
Zika virus infection, cytomegalovirus, herpes, rubella, syphilis,
Campylobacter pylori, and toxoplasmosis (infection caused by a
parasite present in undercooked meat). Maternal exposure to smoke,
alcohol, drugs, radiations, or other toxic metals such as mercury and
arsenic may also lead to microcephaly. Malnutrition is another potent
cause for the disorder.
The global
microcephaly market is driven by factors such as changing lifestyles
and the trend of female smoking and alcohol consumption. Microcephaly
is more prevalent in regions with a high prevalence of Zika virus
infection. Hence, the rising number of pregnant women exposed to Zika
virus infection and other infections contributes to the market
growth. In addition, growing demand for the treatment of neurological
disorders such as microcephaly, increasing awareness about
microcephaly, and availability of therapies are expected to propel
the global market growth during the forecast period.
Drug manufacturers
are increasingly focusing on innovative products with more efficacy.
Therefore, increased research and pipeline drugs are anticipated to
play a significant role in the growth of the market during the
forecast period. The market is expected to witness key trends such as
technologically advanced diagnostic methods, innovative therapeutics,
and efficient management of infectious agents such as Zika virus to
combat neurological disorders. However, lack of accurate treatment
options is likely to restrain the market growth.
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The global
microcephaly market can be segmented based on diagnosis, end-user,
and region. The diagnosis segment includes ultrasound test, magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), head computed tomography (CT) scan, and
other tests. In terms of end-user, the market can be segmented into
hospitals, diagnostic centers, ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs),
and others.
Geographically, the
global microcephaly market can be segmented into five major regions:
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East &
Africa. Latin America dominates the global microcephaly market. A
high number of cases have been reported from this region, especially
Brazil, due to higher prevalence rate of Zika virus infection. North
America accounts for the second highest market share. Europe is also
witnessing market growth due to increased incidences of the disorder.
This rise is primarily due to outbreak of Zika virus, exposure to
other infections during pregnancy, alcohol consumption and smoking
during pregnancy, industrialization, and innovative diagnostic and
treatment options. However, major players operating in the market are
struggling to find the treatment and cure for the disease.
Key players
operating in the global microcephaly market include Abbott
Laboratories; Alere Inc.; Becton, Dickinson and Company; Beckman
Coulter Inc.; bioMerieux SA; Bio-Rad Laboratories; Danaher
Corporation; Hologic, Inc.; Inovio Pharmaceuticals; Lonza; MedMira
Inc.; Merck KGaA; QIAGEN; Roche Molecular Systems Inc.; Siemens
Healthcare; and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.
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